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<title>Devilling</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Devilling</span></span>

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<p><b>Devilling</b> is the custom of more senior self employed barristers/advocates making use of their junior’s services to complete briefs belonging to the more senior barrister/advocate, usually without the knowledge of the attorney. Not to be confused with the period of training called pupillage or junior work undertaken by a person wishing to become an advocate in one of the English-speaking common law systems of the United Kingdom, Ireland, Hong Kong, and Australia.

</p><p>Devilling cannot be done by a pupil and has to be done by a junior barrister/advocate, as it is paid work usually at a rate lower than the normal fee of the junior.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div>

<p>While there is currently no consensus on the origin of the term, it likely was borrowed from the existing phrase '<a href="Printer's_devil" title="Printer's devil">printer's devil</a>', (or printer's apprentice) the origin of which is also in dispute. One possible explanation is that, in the earliest stages of moveable type, most if not all printings were of bibles and biblical passages. When an error occurred with the new and complex technology, the mistake would be blamed on the Devil. As the profession grew, young apprentices were equally easy to blame, and thus became the replacement scapegoat for any errors.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scotland">Scotland</h2></div>

<p>The prospective advocate is placed under the care of a devilmaster, who traditionally must not be a <a href="King's_Counsel" title="King's Counsel">King's Counsel</a>. The pupil follows a programme of training as laid down by the <a href="Faculty_of_Advocates" title="Faculty of Advocates">Faculty of Advocates</a>.

</p><p>The process has an ancient heritage, as it is the legal right of the Faculty of Advocates to admit persons as advocates to the <a href="Courts_of_Scotland" title="Courts of Scotland">Courts of Scotland</a>. This right was apparently granted by the <a href="College_of_Justice" title="College of Justice">College of Justice</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ireland">Ireland</h2></div>

<p>Devilling is a period of training undertaken by <a href="Barristers" class="mw-redirect" title="Barristers">barristers</a> in <a href="Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> where they work under a more senior barrister (one who has been called for seven or more years but who is not a <a href="Senior_counsel" title="Senior counsel">senior counsel</a>) who is called their master. A barrister is <a href="Called_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Called to the bar">called to the bar</a> after successfully completing the course of barrister-at-law in the <a href="King's_Inns" title="King's Inns">King's Inns</a>, but during their first year of practice, they must devil for one year. It is common for barristers to also devil during their second year of practice.

</p><p>The work is generally unpaid and there is no obligation on the master to cover the costs of the devil. A barrister who has not devilled cannot practice Irish law in Ireland, but may still be recognised as fully qualified by the bar associations of other <a href="European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">EEA</a> member states, and practise in those member states in accordance with the relevant <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) directives.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="England_and_Wales">England and Wales</h2></div>

<p>The term is used in the English legal system to refer to a junior barrister undertaking paid written work on behalf of a more senior barrister. The instructing solicitor is not informed of the arrangement and the junior barrister is paid by the senior barrister out of his own fee as a private arrangement between the two. This is one of the exceptions to the usual prohibition on fee sharing under the Code of Conduct for Barristers in England and Wales.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australia">Australia</h2></div>

<p>Australia has a devilling process similar to that of the UK, with only nine months of apprenticeship required for new advocates. Additionally, the Bar Association of Australia requires devils be paid, with the official recommendation 50% of the barrister's fees.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treasury_Devil">Treasury Devil</h2></div>

<p>"<b>Treasury Devil</b>" is the colloquial term for the First Junior Treasury Counsel (Common Law), a private practitioner barrister who represents <a href="His_Majesty's_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="His Majesty's Government">His Majesty's Government</a> in the civil courts,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> instructed by the <a href="Treasury_Solicitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Treasury Solicitor">Treasury Solicitor</a>. It was a tradition that the Treasury Devil was made a <a href="High_Court_judge_(England_and_Wales)" title="High Court judge (England and Wales)">High Court Judge</a> after the end of his term in office.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no current Treasury Devil: Philip Sales (now <a href="Philip_Sales%2C_Lord_Sales" title="Philip Sales, Lord Sales">Lord Sales</a>), the last Treasury Devil, was appointed Queen's Counsel while serving in the role, and so ceased to be <i>Junior</i> Treasury Counsel and "Devil", and became First Treasury Counsel (Common Law). The incumbent in the role, <a href="James_Eadie_(barrister)" title="James Eadie (barrister)">James Eadie</a> was appointed in 2009 when he was already a QC, and so also holds the position of First Treasury Counsel (Common Law).

</p><p>Treasury Counsel (Common Law) should not be confused with the criminal barristers appointed to the Treasury Counsel team who are responsible for prosecuting the most serious criminal cases. The team is headed by the "First Senior Treasury Counsel (Criminal)"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is composed of ten senior and seven junior Treasury Counsel. Treasury Counsel (Criminal) are so-named because historically they were also instructed by the Treasury Solicitor (who in earlier times was also <a href="Director_of_Public_Prosecutions" title="Director of Public Prosecutions">Director of Public Prosecutions</a>), although criminal prosecution is now overseen by the independent <a href="Crown_Prosecution_Service" title="Crown Prosecution Service">Crown Prosecution Service</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_Treasury_Devils">List of Treasury Devils</h3></div>

<p>As Junior Counsel to the Treasury (Common Law):

</p>

<ul><li>1848–1864: <a href="William_Newland_Welsby" title="William Newland Welsby">William Newland Welsby</a></li>

<li>1864–1868: <a href="James_Hannen%2C_Baron_Hannen" title="James Hannen, Baron Hannen">James Hannen</a></li>

<li>1868–1872: <a href="Thomas_Dickson_Archibald_(judge)" title="Thomas Dickson Archibald (judge)">Thomas Dickson Archibald</a></li>

<li>1872–1879: <a href="Charles_Bowen%2C_Baron_Bowen" title="Charles Bowen, Baron Bowen">Charles S. C. Bowen</a></li>

<li>1879–1883: <a href="Archibald_Levin_Smith" title="Archibald Levin Smith">A. L. Smith</a></li>

<li>1883–1890: <a href="Robert_Samuel_Wright" title="Robert Samuel Wright">R. S. Wright</a></li>

<li>1890–1905: <a href="Henry_Sutton_(judge)" title="Henry Sutton (judge)">Henry Sutton</a></li>

<li>1905–1912: <a href="Sidney_Rowlatt" title="Sidney Rowlatt">Sidney A. T. Rowlatt</a></li>

<li>1912–1921: <a href="G._A._H._Branson" title="G. A. H. Branson">George A. H. Branson</a></li>

<li>1921–1930: Henry Martley Giveen</li>

<li>1930–1935: <a href="Wilfrid_Lewis" title="Wilfrid Lewis">Wilfrid Lewis</a></li>

<li>1935–1945: <a href="Valentine_Holmes_(barrister)" title="Valentine Holmes (barrister)">Valentine Holmes</a></li>

<li>1945–1950: <a href="Hubert_Parker%2C_Baron_Parker_of_Waddington" title="Hubert Parker, Baron Parker of Waddington">Hubert Parker</a></li>

<li>1950–1954: <a href="John_Ashworth_(judge)" title="John Ashworth (judge)">John Ashworth</a></li>

<li>1954–1959: <a href="Rodger_Winn" title="Rodger Winn">Rodger Winn</a></li>

<li>1959–1964: <a href="Roualeyn_Cumming-Bruce" title="Roualeyn Cumming-Bruce">Roualeyn Cumming-Bruce</a></li>

<li>1964–1968: <a href="Nigel_Bridge%2C_Baron_Bridge_of_Harwich" title="Nigel Bridge, Baron Bridge of Harwich">Nigel Bridge</a></li></ul>

<p>As First Junior Treasury Counsel (Common Law):

</p>

<ul><li>1968–1974: <a href="Gordon_Slynn%2C_Baron_Slynn_of_Hadley" title="Gordon Slynn, Baron Slynn of Hadley">Gordon Slynn</a></li>

<li>1974–1979: <a href="Harry_Woolf%2C_Baron_Woolf" title="Harry Woolf, Baron Woolf">Harry Woolf</a></li>

<li>1979–1984: <a href="Simon_Brown%2C_Baron_Brown_of_Eaton-under-Heywood" title="Simon Brown, Baron Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood">Simon D. Brown</a></li>

<li>1992–1997: <a href="Stephen_Richards_(judge)" title="Stephen Richards (judge)">Stephen Richards</a></li>

<li>1997–2006: <a href="Philip_Sales" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Sales">Philip Sales</a></li></ul>

<p>As First Treasury Counsel (Common Law):

</p>

<ul><li>2006–2008: <a href="Philip_Sales" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Sales">Philip Sales</a> QC</li>

<li>2009–present: <a href="James_Eadie_(barrister)" title="James Eadie (barrister)">Sir James Eadie</a>; the first <a href="Queen's_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a> appointed directly to the position</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Pupillage" title="Pupillage">Pupillage</a></li>

<li><a href="Training_contract" title="Training contract">Training contract</a></li>

<li><a href="Printer's_devil" title="Printer's devil">Printer's devil</a></li>

<li><a href="Articling" class="mw-redirect" title="Articling">Articling</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wordoriginstories.wordpress.com/2014/07/17/printers-devil/">"Printer's Devil"</a>. 17 July 2014.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qldbar.asn.au/baq-cms/devilling#:~:text=%22Devilling%22%20is%20a%20long-,discharge%20his%20or%20her%20instructions.">"The Bar Association of Queensland"</a>. <i>qldbar.asn.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Stephen_Richards_(judge)" title="Stephen Richards (judge)">Richards, Stephen</a> (1997). "The Role of the Treasury Devil". <i>Judicial Review</i>. <b>2</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">244–</span>246. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10854681.1997.11426972">10.1080/10854681.1997.11426972</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrooke2016" class="citation web cs1">Brooke, Henry (23 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sirhenrybrooke.me/2016/10/23/the-treasury-devil/">"The Treasury Devil"</a>. <i>sirhenrybrooke.me</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Attorney-General's office, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-first-senior-treasury-counsel-announced">New First Senior Treasury Counsel announced</a>"</span>

</li>

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</style><div id="Law_of_the_United_Kingdom153" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Law_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law of the United Kingdom">Law of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Parliamentary_sovereignty_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliamentary sovereignty in the United Kingdom">Parliamentary sovereignty</a></li>

<li><a href="Constitution_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constitution of the United Kingdom">Constitutional law</a></li>

<li><a href="English_law" title="English law">English law</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Law of Northern Ireland">Law of Northern Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_law" title="Scots law">Scots law</a></li>

<li><a href="Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a></li>

<li><a href="Civil_liberties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Civil liberties in the United Kingdom">Civil liberties</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom_company_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom company law">Company</a> and <a href="United_Kingdom_insolvency_law" title="United Kingdom insolvency law">insolvency law</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom_competition_law" title="United Kingdom competition law">Competition law</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom_labour_law" title="United Kingdom labour law">Labour law</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom_commercial_law" title="United Kingdom commercial law">Commercial law</a></li>

<li><a href="Retained_EU_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Retained EU law">Retained EU law</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parallel fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Delict_(Scots_law)" title="Delict (Scots law)">Scots delict</a> and <a href="English_tort_law" title="English tort law">English tort law</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_contract_law" title="Scots contract law">Scots</a> and <a href="English_contract_law" title="English contract law">English contract law</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_property_law" title="Scots property law">Scots</a> and <a href="English_land_law" title="English land law">English land law</a></li>

<li><a href="English_trust_law" title="English trust law">Trusts</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_administrative_law" title="Scots administrative law">Scots</a> and <a href="United_Kingdom_administrative_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom administrative law">English administrative law</a></li>

<li><a href="Scottish_criminal_law" title="Scottish criminal law">Scots</a> and <a href="English_criminal_law" title="English criminal law">English criminal law</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_family_law" title="Scots family law">Scots</a> and <a href="English_family_law" title="English family law">English family law</a></li>

<li><a href="Scots_civil_procedure" title="Scots civil procedure">Scots</a> and <a href="Civil_Procedure_Rules" title="Civil Procedure Rules">English civil procedure</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Law_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="Law of the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_legal_system" title="Australian legal system">Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_Canada" title="Law of Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">European Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_India" title="Law of India">India</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Law of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_New_Zealand" title="Law of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li>

<li><a href="Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">United States</a></li>

<li><a href="Anglo-Saxon_law" title="Anglo-Saxon law">Anglo-Saxon law</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_law" title="Common law">Common law</a></li>

<li><a href="Equity_(law)" title="Equity (law)">Equity</a></li>

<li>English case law</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Legal_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Legal services in the United Kingdom">Legal services in the United Kingdom</a></li>

<li><a href="Penal_law_(British)" title="Penal law (British)">British penal law</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>United Kingdom law category</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-05-09" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Devilling&oldid=1289563278">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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